5ÔÂ13ÈÕÏÂÖ磬ֵ×ðÁú¿Ê±µÚÈý½ìÑо¿ÉúѧÊõ½Ú¿ªÄ»Ö®¼Ê£¬¸´µ©´óѧÖÎÀíѧԺ·¶Ðã³É½ÌÊÚÓ¦ÑûÀ´×ðÁú¿Ê±×ö“¸ß¶ËѧÊõÂÛ̳֮Ãûʦ½²×ù”£¬½²×ùÎÊÌâΪ¡¶Ð§ÀÍ´´Á¢¼ÛÖµ-¼æÌ¸Ð§ÀÍ¿ÆÑ§µÄÐËÆð¡·¡£Õâ´ÎѧÊõ½²×ùÓÉÉÌѧԺºÍÑо¿Éú²¿ºÏ°ì¡£½²×ùÓÉÉÌѧԺԺ³¤ÑîÓкì½ÌÊÚÖ÷³Ö¡£½²×ù×îÏÈǰ£¬Ð»Ö¾»ª¸±Ð£³¤Óë·¶Ðã³É½ÌÊÚ¾ÙÐÐÁËÇ×ÈÈÅÊ̸¡£
·¶Ðã³É½ÌÊڵĽ²ÑÝ´ÓÆÊÎöЧÀÍÒµÔÚÈ«Çò¾¼ÃÉú³¤ÖеÄÖ÷ҪְλÒÔ¼°ÔöǿЧÀÍÖÎÀí¹ØÓÚÌáÉýÆóÒµ¾ºÕùÁ¦µÄÖ÷ÒªÐÔ×îÏÈ¡£½ÓÏÂÀ´£¬·¶½ÌÊÚÖØµã½â˵ÁËЧÀÍÓªÏúѧ¿ÆµÄÐγÉÀú³Ì£¬Ð§ÀÍÓªÏúÀíÂÛϵͳ¡¢Ö÷ÒªÑо¿ÒªÁìºÍÇ°ÑØÑо¿ÎÊÌâ¡£ÔÚ½²ÑÝÖУ¬·¶½ÌÊÚÐðÊöÁËÒÔЧÀÍΪÖÐÐĵÄÂß¼ºÍËûÖ÷³Ö¿ªÕ¹µÄMetaÑо¿£¬ÒýÆðÔÚ×ùʦÉúµÄ¼«´óÐËȤ¡£Á½¸ö¶àСʱµÄ½²ÑÝÖУ¬·¶½ÌÊÚÓÃÉú¶¯»¬»üµÄÓïÑÔ½«¸»ºñµÄÀíÂÛÓë֪ʶת´ï¸øÌýÖÚ£¬ÆäÑϽ÷µÄѧÊõ×÷·ç¸üÊǸøÈËÁôÏÂÉî¿ÌÓ¡Ïó¡£ÌýÍê½²×ùºó£¬Î÷ϯѧÉú¾ùÌåÏÖÊÜÒæ·Ëdz¡£ÔÚ½²×ù¿¢Êº󣬷¶½ÌÊÚ»¹¾Íѧ¿Æ×¨Òµ½¨Éè¡¢¿ÆÑÐÏîÄ¿É걨µÈÎÊÌâÓëÉÌѧԺӪÏúϵÎ÷ϯ¾ÙÐÐÁË×ù̸¡£
·¶Ðã³É½ÌÊÚ1965Äê4ÔÂÉúÓÚɽÎ÷̫ԣ¬¾¼Ãѧ²©Ê¿£¬²©Ê¿Éúµ¼Ê¦£¬¸´µ©´óѧЧÀÍÓªÏúÓëЧÀÍÖÎÀíÑо¿ÖÐÐÄÖ÷ÈΣ¬¡¶ÄÏ¿ªÖÎÀí̸ÂÛ¡·¸±Ö÷±à£¬¡¶ÓªÏú¿ÆÑ§Ñ§±¨¡·×¨Òµ¸±Ö÷±à£¬¹ú¼Ò×ÔÈ»¿ÆÑ§»ù½ðίÖÎÀí¿ÆÑ§²¿¹¤ÉÌÖÎÀíѧ¿ÆÆÀÉó×é³ÉÔ±£¬½ÌÓý²¿—IBMЧÀÍ¿ÆÑ§×¨¼ÒÐ×÷×é³ÉÔ±£¬ÖйúÊг¡Ñ§»á³£ÎñÀíÊ£¬Öйú¸ßУÊг¡Ñ§Ñо¿»á³£ÎñÀíÊ¡£·¶½ÌÊÚÔøÖ÷³Ö¹ú¼Ò×ÔÈ»¿ÆÑ§»ù½ð¡¢¹ú¼ÒÉç»á¿ÆÑ§»ù½ðºÍ½ÌÓý²¿×ÊÖú¿ÎÌâ10ÏÔÚJournal of Consumer Research¡¢Journal of Business Research¡¢International Journal of Human Resource Management¡¢¡¶ÖÎÀíÌìÏ¡·¡¢¡¶ÖÎÀí¿ÆÑ§Ñ§±¨¡·¡¢¡¶ÖÎÀí¹¤³Ìѧ±¨¡·¡¢¡¶¾¼ÃÖÎÀí¡·¡¢¡¶ÄÏ¿ªÖÎÀí̸ÂÛ¡·µÈѧÊõ¿¯Îï¼°Ö÷ҪѧÊõ¾Û»áÉϽÒÏþÂÛÎÄ90ÓàÆª£¬³öÊ顶ЧÀÍÖÎÀíѧ¡·¡¢¡¶Ð§ÀÍÖÎÀí¡·¡¢¡¶Êг¡µ÷ÑС·¡¢¡¶Êг¡Ñ§¡·µÈÖøÒë×÷16²¿£¬ÔøÈëÑ¡½ÌÓý²¿ÓÅÒìÇàÄêÎ÷ϯ×ÊÖúÍýÏëºÍ½ÌÓý²¿ÐÂÊÀ¼ÍÓÅÒìÈ˲ÅÖ§³ÖÍýÏ룬»ñ±¦¸ÖÓÅÒìÎ÷ϯ½±ÉùÓþ³Æºô¡£